Prepare the Crust
In a large mixing bowl, whisk together flour, sugar, and salt. Using a pastry cutter or food processor, cut in the cold butter until the mixture resembles coarse crumbs with some pea-sized pieces remaining.
Gradually add ice water, one tablespoon at a time, mixing gently after each addition until the dough just begins to hold together. You may not need all the water.
Divide the dough into two portions, one slightly larger (about 60%) than the other. Shape each portion into a rectangle, wrap in plastic wrap, and refrigerate for at least one hour or up to overnight.
Prepare the Apple Filling
Peel, core, and slice the apples into ¼-inch thick slices.
In a large bowl, toss the apple slices with lemon juice. In a separate bowl, combine both sugars, cornstarch, cinnamon, nutmeg, cloves, and salt. Add this dry mixture to the apples and toss until evenly coated.
Add the bourbon to the apple mixture, stirring gently to incorporate.
Assemble the Pie
Preheat your oven to 375°F (190°C). Position a rack in the middle of the oven.
On a floured surface, roll the larger dough portion into a rectangle approximately 18x13 inches. Carefully transfer to a 15x10x1-inch baking sheet (jelly roll pan), allowing the excess to hang over the edges.
Spread the apple filling evenly over the dough, mounding slightly in the center. Dot with the small pieces of butter.
Roll out the remaining dough to approximately 16x11 inches. You can either place it whole over the filling for a traditional top crust or cut it into strips for a lattice pattern.
Finish and Bake
If using a whole top crust, make several slits to allow steam to escape during baking. For a lattice top, arrange strips in a criss-cross pattern.
Trim any excess dough, leaving about a 1-inch overhang. Fold the overhang under and crimp or flute the edges to seal.
In a small bowl, whisk together the egg and water. Brush this egg wash over the top crust and edges. Sprinkle with turbinado sugar.
Bake for 50-55 minutes, until the crust is golden brown and the filling is bubbling. If the edges begin to brown too quickly, cover them with foil strips.
Allow the pie to cool on a wire rack for at least 1 hour before cutting to allow the filling to set properly.
Optional Glaze
If desired, while the pie cools, whisk together powdered sugar, bourbon (or milk), and vanilla extract until smooth. Drizzle over the slightly cooled pie.